Genomic Epidemiology in Colombia

We combined genomic surveillance and Bayesian phylodynamics to map the introduction and expansion of 188 SARS-CoV-2 lineages across the 32 departments of Colombia during the first two years of the pandemic. The analysis highlights how the Mu variant (B.1.621) rapidly displaced other variants locally while remaining limited abroad.

By estimating effective reproduction numbers, importation timing, and changes in effective population size, we characterized the trajectories of dominant lineages relative to national interventions. The work underscores the value of open genomic data pipelines for regional preparedness and response.

Sequencing and analytics were coordinated alongside Colombia's genomic surveillance network, demonstrating how collaborative data sharing can surface hidden transmission routes and support public health decisions.